In endocrine emergencies, what is the initial treatment for hypoglycemia?

• A. Oxygen
• B. Give oral glucose
• C. Insulin
• D. Epinephrine

Answer: (B)

Raising blood glucose quickly is the immediate priority in hypoglycemia. If the patient is conscious and able to swallow, administer a fast-acting carbohydrate such as oral glucose so the glucose can be absorbed rapidly and restore brain function. Recheck the blood glucose after about 15 minutes and repeat if needed.

If the patient cannot protect the airway or is unconscious, you would not give oral glucose. Instead, follow protocol with intravenous dextrose or intramuscular glucagon to raise the blood sugar promptly.

Oxygen doesn’t treat hypoglycemia, and giving insulin would worsen the condition. Epinephrine is not the appropriate treatment for isolated hypoglycemia.